Energy availability during training camp is associated with signs of overreaching and changes in performance in young female cross-country skiers

Abstract Study aim : The of this study was to evaluate if young female skiers meet their energy and macronutrient requirements, how availability (EA) intake affects performance during an intensive training camp. Material methods 19 cross-country (age 16.7 ± 0.7) filled in 48-hour food logs a 5-day Fasting concentrations hemoglobin, leptin, triiodothyronine (T3), insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), glucose were measured before (PRE) after (POST) the Blood lactate (LA), heart rate (HR) rating perceived exertion (RPE) from submaximal treadmill running test, jump height counter movement (CMJ), power reactive test (RJ) also PRE POST. Results Mean EA 40.3 17.3 kcal · kgFFM –1 d . 58% participants had suboptimal EA, 37% low 53% carbohydrate intake. HR, HR/RPE ratio, LA/RPE CMJ, T3, insulin decreased RPE increased camp correlated with changes LA (r = 0.54, p 0.018), 0.65, 0.003), RJ 0.47, 0.043). Conclusions Many athletes difficulties meeting requirements Furthermore, sufficient may help avoid overreaching maintain period.